The region was formerly populated by the Toltecs, Chichimecs and Xicalanca Olmecs. During the 10th century the Nahua group arrived in the area and by the 15th century, the Mexica (also known as the “Aztecs”) dominated nearly all of what is known today as the state of Puebla. When the Spaniards arrived, much of the city’s surroundings began to change. The Spanish conquerors founded the first baroque city in the country, Puebla de los Angeles, now one of Mexico’s prized jewels; implemented the handicraft work of Talavera ceramics, now internationally renowned; and influenced the area’s culinary traditions, some of the most unique and varied in Mexico, now characterized by a unique blend of Spanish, Oriental and indigenous flavors.

Puebla State features several important archaeological sites. The Tenapa Pyramid in Cholula, Puebla, dating back to 400 BC is one of the most frequently visited sites, four times larger in volume than the Keops Pyramid in Egypt. Several years ago, archaeologists discovered that the pyramid actually consists of several superimposed pyramids, and today, only a small percentage of the pyramid has actually been uncovered. One of the pyramid’s unique features is the “Iglesia de Nuestra Señora de los Remedios” church completed in 1666. Built at the top of the pyramid, its symbolic position stands witness to the success of the Catholic church in the conversion of the indigenous people.

Puebla also has four of the tallest volcanoes in Mexico, one of which is still active. The second tallest volcano in Mexico, the Popocatepetl, stands at approximately 78,900 feet and frequently spews steam, gases, and ash. And on occasion, eruptions and tremors occur, reminding the Poblanos of its powerful and potentially destructive presence, although the last major eruption happened thousands of years ago. Churches were built centuries ago at the foot of these volcanoes, many of which still stand today.

For those that enjoy outdoor and extreme sports, the state of Puebla offers many organized trips for tourists featuring rock-climbing, camping, trekking, and mountain-biking, to name a few. For food and music lovers, Puebla features an annual food festival in November and a concert of bells in October, where more than 100 bells from churches around the area participate.

The state’s capital, Puebla City, is one of the most beautiful and traditional colonial cities in Mexico. It was founded in 1531 by the Spaniards in an effort to encourage immigration, reduce the abuse against Indians and establish an enclave between Veracruz and Mexico. Today, the city is considered one of the most beautiful historic centers and tourist destinations in Mexico, located 80 miles from Mexico City, north of Tlaxcala and south of La Mixteca. As a World Heritage site, the city’s streets, churches and buildings are so breathtaking they are said to have been designed by the angels.

Cuetzalan is a picturesque colonial town located in the hills about 120 miles from Puebla City. Highlights in the town include, the San Francisco and Guadalupe churches, the Municipal Palace, the Ethnographic Museum and the cemetery. And just a few miles outside of town is the archaeological zone of Yohualichan, the Atepolihui Falls and plenty of caves to explore.